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US Death Rates Fell In 2023, With COVID-19 Dropping To Tenth Leading Cause Of Death, CDC Data Show

The AP (8/8) reports, “U.S. death rates fell last year for all age groups compared with 2022, federal health officials said Thursday,” with COVID-19 falling “to the 10th leading cause of death,” down from fourth in 2022. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention data also showed the “leading causes of death were heart disease, cancer and a category of injuries that includes gun deaths and drug overdoses.” CNN (8/8, McPhillips) reports the drop in COVID-19 deaths “helped the overall death rate in the United States fall 6% in 2023.” While the country’s death rate “has been dropping quickly since reaching a pandemic-high” in 2021, the new CDC data “suggests the death rate is still well above pre-pandemic years.” Additionally, while “all racial and ethnic groups also saw death rates decrease last year,” the overall death rate among Black people remained the highest. NBC News (8/8, Bendix) reports Americans “ages 85 and up still represented an outsized share” of COVID-19 deaths in 2023. Furthermore, white people had the highest COVID-19 death rates at “nearly 20 out of every 100,000 people.”

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Molecular Mimic Invades Cells, Steals Essential Proteins To Prevent HIV From Multiplying Inside Monkeys, Study Finds

The New York Times (8/8, Zimmer) reports a study published Thursday found that “a molecular mimic that invades a cell and steals essential proteins ... prevented H.I.V. from multiplying inside of monkeys.” After infecting “the monkeys with a primate version of H.I.V. that normally kills the animals in a matter of weeks,” researchers “gave the animals a single injection of” therapeutic interfering particles (TIPs), which “drove down the level of the virus by a factor of 10,000” and led to “almost all of the monkeys” surviving and “showing no sign of AIDS.” The findings were published in Science.

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Laboratories Join Forces to Solve Monumental Challenges

Abstract Not Available

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Clinicopathologic correlation of dermatologic diseases in patients with darker pigmentation

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Diagnostic value of plasma circular RNA based on droplet digital polymerase chain reaction in lung adenocarcinoma

Abstract Not Available

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Microbiology Case Study: Tinea cruris in a Middle-Aged Male

Abstract Not Available

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Poll Shows Decline In US Adults Who Say It’s Important To Get Children Vaccinated

The Hill (8/7, Fortinsky) reports a Gallup poll published Wednesday shows “only 40 percent of U.S. adults said it is ‘extremely important’ for parents to vaccinate their children, a marked decline from the 58 percent who said the same in 2019 and the 64 percent who said the same in 2001.” This decline “is similarly stark when tracking the combined percentage who said vaccinating children is either ‘extremely’ or ‘very’ important,” with 69% of US adults holding this view compared to 84% in 2019 and 94% in 2001. The results “come as experts warn of the dangers of rising vaccine skepticism.”

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WHO To Convene Expert Meeting To Decide If Mpox Outbreak In Africa Is A Global Emergency

The AP (8/7) reports World Health Organization (WHO) Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus “said Wednesday he will convene an expert group to determine if the increasing spread of the mpox virus in Africa warrants being declared a global emergency.” Citing the increasing prevalence of mpox cases outside of Congo, Tedros said he has decided to request that independent experts advise WHO “as soon as possible.” Reuters (8/7, Satija, L) reports, “The WHO said that 50 more mpox cases had been confirmed and more were suspected in four countries – Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda and Uganda – where cases have previously not been reported.” Due to this development, the organization has “released $1 million from the WHO contingency fund for emergencies to support scale up of the response,” Tedros said on a call with journalists, with plans to release more funds in the coming days. Bloomberg (8/7, Oladele, Subscription Publication) reports the mutated strain of mpox has most affected “children and adolescents,” causing “almost 500 deaths related to the infection in the Democratic Republic of Congo alone, where the variant was first reported less than a year ago.”

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Administering RSV Prefusion F Protein Vaccine With The Adjuvanted Seasonal Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccine Stimulated Adequate Immune Response, Was Safe In Older Adults, Trial Shows

MedPage Today (8/7, Kahn) reports, “Administering the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) prefusion F protein vaccine (Arexvy) at the same time as the adjuvanted seasonal quadrivalent influenza vaccine stimulated an adequate immune response and was safe in older adults, a phase III randomized trial showed.” Researchers observed that “among adults ages 65 and older, co-administration of the RSV and influenza vaccines resulted in hemagglutination inhibition titers that were noninferior to those with sequential administration for three out of four influenza strains, as well as noninferior neutralization titers for the RSV-A and RSV-B subtypes, at 1 month after vaccination.” The findings were published in Clinical Infectious Diseases.

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Significant Association Exists Between Illicit Fentanyl Use And HCV Transmission Among PWID, Research Shows

HCP Live (8/7, Brooks) reports, “New research has unveiled a significant association between illicit fentanyl use and hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission among people who inject drugs (PWID).” Researchers also discovered that “use of illicitly manufactured fentanyl was linked to a 64% increased risk of acquiring HCV, highlighting a novel association between illicit fentanyl and HCV seroconversion in this patient population.” The findings were published in Clinical Infectious Diseases.

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Study Provides Overview Of Demographic, Clinical Characteristics Of Individuals Who Decline “Opt-Out” HIV Or HCV Testing

HCPlive (8/6, Brooks) reports, “Findings from a recent study are providing clinicians with an overview of the demographic and clinical characteristics of individuals who decline ‘opt-out’ human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) testing, underscoring the need for targeted interventions to increase testing uptake in these specific patient populations.” Even though “non-Hispanic Black individuals were the least likely to decline testing among all race/ethnicity groups, notable sex disparities were observed among Black patients.” The findings were published in the Journal of the National Medical Association.

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Thyroid Autoimmunity Develops As Early As 10 Months Of Age Among Children With Increased Genetic Risk For Type 1 Diabetes, Study Finds

Endocrinology Advisor (8/6, Kuhns) reports, “Thyroid autoimmunity develops as early as 10 months of age among children with increased genetic risk for type 1 diabetes, especially girls and those with a family history of autoimmune thyroid disease, according to study results.” The researchers said the “investigation revealed that thyroid autoimmunity may be triggered in younger children than has hitherto been recognized and that double positivity at seroconversion showed the highest risk for progression to clinical thyroid disease, within an HLA-selected population.” The findings were published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.

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Mutation In IGFBP7 Gene Linked To Reversal In Disease Progression, Partial Or Full Recovery In People With ALS, Study Finds

ALS News Today (8/6, Wexler) reports, “A mutation in the IGFBP7 gene is associated with a very rare phenomenon in which people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) have a reversal in disease progression and experience partial or full recovery, a new study reports.” Because the mutation leads to “less production of the resulting protein IGFBP7, the findings suggest that inhibiting that protein may have therapeutic benefits for” patients with ALS. The findings were published in Neurology.

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Approximately 700 Rural Hospitals At Risk Of Closing, Report Says

Modern Healthcare (8/6, Devereaux, Subscription Publication) says, “Around 700 rural hospitals are at risk of closing, with more than half of those at a high risk of closing in the next several years due to steep debt levels and low revenue, according to a recent report [PDF] from the Center for Healthcare Quality and Payment Reform.” Since the start of 2023, 12 rural hospitals have closed “as a result of severe financial issues, and 28 eliminated inpatient services in order to qualify for higher pay under the rural emergency hospital program, the July report said.” According to experts, “the closures and loss of inpatient services have had detrimental impacts on vulnerable rural communities, in many cases eliminating jobs and causing patients to lose access to chemotherapy, surgery and obstetrics-gynecology services.”

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CDC, WHO Weigh Stronger Mpox Warnings Following Spread Of New Strain

NBC News (8/5, Edwards) reports the CDC “is poised to warn doctors in the United States about” potential mpox cases as a deadlier form of the virus “has spread beyond the borders of the Democratic Republic of Congo in Africa.” The agency has said it will release updated information in the coming days, while the World Health Organization is also “examining whether the latest outbreak should be declared a global public health emergency.” Though previous mpox outbreaks “mainly affected men who have sex with men,” the current strain, named clade 1b, “is worrisome because of its virulence.” Almost “4% of clade 1b mpox cases are deadly, compared to less than 1% of the 2022 subtype, called clade 2b,” with children accounting “for 62% of mpox deaths in Congo, according to the WHO.”

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ctDNA Testing Showed High Prognostic Accuracy In Detecting Recurrence Of MCC, Study Finds

OncLive (8/5, Seymour) reports, “Use of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) testing demonstrated high baseline sensitivity and specificity prior to treatment, and the presence of ctDNA showed an association with risk of recurrence post-treatment in patients with Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), according to findings from a study.” OncLive adds, “In the discovery cohort, baseline sensitivity for detecting ctDNA in patients with clinically evident disease was 95% (95% CI, 87%-99%); its specificity for detecting ctDNA negativity in patients without clinically evident disease was 90% (95% CI, 82%-95%).” Meanwhile, “in the validation cohort, baseline sensitivity and specificity for detecting ctDNA in patients with clinically evident disease was 94% (95% CI, 85%-98%) and 86% (95% CI, 77%-93%), respectively.” The research was published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology.

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ART With DTG Plus 3TC May Be Robust Switch Option For Virologically Suppressed Adults With HIV Infection And No History Of Virologic Failure, Study Shows

Infectious Disease Advisor (8/5, Nye) reports, “Antiretroviral therapy (ART) with dolutegravir (DTG) plus lamivudine (3TC) may be a robust switch option for virologically suppressed adults with HIV infection and no history of virologic failure, according to” a study. Researchers came to this conclusion after pooling data from the TANGO and SALSA trials, with the primary endpoint being “the rate of patients without virologic suppression (HIV RNA, ≥50 copies/mL) at 48 weeks in those who switched to DTG/3TC (n=615) vs continued their ART regimen (n=619).” The findings were published in Open Forum Infectious Diseases.

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Daily Liposomal Amphotericin B Noninferior To Daily Amphotericin B Deoxycholate When Combined With Adjunctive Flucytosine For Treating HIV-Associated Cryptococcal Meningitis, Study Shows

Infectious Disease Advisor (8/5, Nye) reports, “For HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis, daily liposomal amphotericin B is noninferior to daily amphotericin B deoxycholate when combined with adjunctive flucytosine, according to” a study. Researchers came to this conclusion after pooling “data from 3 overlapping prospective clinical trials conducted in Uganda between 2017 and 2023 among patients with HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis.” The findings were published in Clinical Infectious Diseases.

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RSV Infections Contribute To Burden, Severity Of COVID-19, Increasing Susceptibility And Likelihood Of Hospitalizations, Study Finds

Healio (8/5, Langowska) reports, “RSV infections contribute to the burden and severity of COVID-19, increasing susceptibility and chance for hospitalizations, according to a study.” After conducting a “population-based cohort study” and analyzing participants “for COVID-19 susceptibility,” researchers discovered that “the RSV infection group showed a significantly higher incidence of COVID-19 than the noninfection group with an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.11 (95% CI, 1.03-1.2).” The findings were published in the European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.

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PAHO Issues Alert Following First Deaths From Oropouche Virus Outbreak

NBC News (8/5, Acevedo) reports that on Friday, the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) “issued an epidemiological alert as Latin America experiences a rise in cases of the Oropouche virus, a little-known disease spread by midges and mosquitoes.” The announcement came after PAHO “reported the first deaths associated with the virus – including fetal deaths associated with ‘possible instances of vertical transmission,’ in which a virus is transmitted mother-to-child during pregnancy.” Thus far, “at least 8,078 confirmed Oropouche cases” have been reported in the Americas, 90% of which come from Brazil. Symptoms include “fever, muscle aches, pain behind the eye sockets, headaches and vomiting,” among others. There are currently no “vaccines or specific antiviral drugs to prevent or treat Oropouche infections,” with treatment instead being “focused on relieving patients’ symptoms, according to PAHO.”

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US Death Rates Fell In 2023, With COVID-19 Dropping To Tenth Leading Cause Of Death, CDC Data Show

Molecular Mimic Invades Cells, Steals Essential Proteins To Prevent HIV From Multiplying Inside Monkeys, Study Finds

Laboratories Join Forces to Solve Monumental Challenges

Clinicopathologic correlation of dermatologic diseases in patients with darker pigmentation

Diagnostic value of plasma circular RNA based on droplet digital polymerase chain reaction in lung adenocarcinoma

Microbiology Case Study: Tinea cruris in a Middle-Aged Male

Poll Shows Decline In US Adults Who Say It’s Important To Get Children Vaccinated

WHO To Convene Expert Meeting To Decide If Mpox Outbreak In Africa Is A Global Emergency

Administering RSV Prefusion F Protein Vaccine With The Adjuvanted Seasonal Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccine Stimulated Adequate Immune Response, Was Safe In Older Adults, Trial Shows

Significant Association Exists Between Illicit Fentanyl Use And HCV Transmission Among PWID, Research Shows

Study Provides Overview Of Demographic, Clinical Characteristics Of Individuals Who Decline “Opt-Out” HIV Or HCV Testing

Thyroid Autoimmunity Develops As Early As 10 Months Of Age Among Children With Increased Genetic Risk For Type 1 Diabetes, Study Finds

Mutation In IGFBP7 Gene Linked To Reversal In Disease Progression, Partial Or Full Recovery In People With ALS, Study Finds

Approximately 700 Rural Hospitals At Risk Of Closing, Report Says

CDC, WHO Weigh Stronger Mpox Warnings Following Spread Of New Strain

ctDNA Testing Showed High Prognostic Accuracy In Detecting Recurrence Of MCC, Study Finds

ART With DTG Plus 3TC May Be Robust Switch Option For Virologically Suppressed Adults With HIV Infection And No History Of Virologic Failure, Study Shows

Daily Liposomal Amphotericin B Noninferior To Daily Amphotericin B Deoxycholate When Combined With Adjunctive Flucytosine For Treating HIV-Associated Cryptococcal Meningitis, Study Shows

RSV Infections Contribute To Burden, Severity Of COVID-19, Increasing Susceptibility And Likelihood Of Hospitalizations, Study Finds

PAHO Issues Alert Following First Deaths From Oropouche Virus Outbreak