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MDR Bacterial Infections Are Common After Liver Transplant, Study Finds

Gastroenterology Advisor (4/4, Nye) reports, “Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections are common after liver transplant, according to study results.” Investigators found that “the prevalence of MDR infections was 21.6% among the entire study cohort and 52.5% among those who developed infection.” The data indicated that “the most frequent MDR infections were UTIs (28.4%), bacteremia (17.0%), and respiratory infections (13.2%).” The findings were published in the Journal of Hepatology.

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More Relatives Of Deceased Vs Alive ICU Patients With COVID-19 Had PTSD Symptoms, Negative Impacts Of Visitation Restriction, Research Finds

Healio (4/3, Hornick) reports, “More relatives of deceased vs. alive ICU patients with COVID-19 reported PTSD symptoms and negative impacts of visitation restriction, according to a research letter.” Investigators came to this conclusion after evaluating “90 family members (80% women; 54% Hispanic; 20% Black non-Hispanic) of ICU patients with COVID-19.” The findings were published in the journal CHEST.

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Analysis of hospital length of stay and cost savings with an in-house heparin-induced thrombocytopenia antibody assay at a midsized institution

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The first reported case of double trisomy 10 and 20 in a product of conception

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FDA’s Proposed Oversight of Laboratory Developed Tests Could Diminish Patient Care

Abstract Not Available

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FDA Authorizes Test Of AI Tool To Predict Sepsis In Hospitals

The Washington Post (4/3, Gilbert, Roubein) reports the FDA has greenlit a trial by Prenosis, testing the company’s AI tool “to predict the risk of sepsis – a complex condition that contributes to at least 350,000 deaths a year in the United States. It is the first algorithmic AI-driven diagnostic tool for sepsis to receive the FDA’s go-ahead, the company said in a statement Wednesday.” To test the tool, the company “acquired more than 100,000 blood samples along with clinical data on hospital patients, and trained its algorithm to recognize the health measures most associated with developing sepsis.” Now, the tool “produces a snapshot that classifies a patient’s risk of sepsis in four categories, from low to very high.”

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New US Hepatitis C Infections Dropped Slightly In 2022, Health Officials Say

The AP (4/3, Stobbe) reports, “New U.S. hepatitis C infections dropped slightly in 2022, a surprising improvement after more than a decade of steady increases, federal health officials said Wednesday.” However, “experts are not sure whether the 6% decline is a statistical blip or the start of a downward trend.” And while infections “declined for white Americans,” they “continued to rise in Black, Latino and Native American communities, according to Dr. Neil Gupta, who oversees the branch of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention that tracks viral hepatitis.”

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Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir Fails To Shorten COVID-19 Symptom Duration For People At Standard Risk And Vaccinated At-Risk People, Study Finds

MedPage Today (4/3, Kahn) reports, “Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (Paxlovid) failed to shorten COVID-19 symptom duration among people at standard risk for severe COVID-19 and among vaccinated people with at least one risk factor for severe disease, according to final results of the phase II/III EPIC-SR trial.” Among these populations, “the median time to alleviation of COVID-19 symptoms was 12 days, compared with 13 days in patients who took a placebo (P=0.60), reported” researchers “in the New England Journal of Medicine.”

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Short-Term Antibiotic Regimen Equally Effective Against Early Lyme Disease As Long-Term Regimen In Adult Patients, Study Finds

Infectious Disease Advisor (4/3) reports, “Short- and long-course antibiotic regimens exhibit similar efficacy against early Lyme disease in adult patients, according to study results published in Diagnostic Microbiology & Infectious Disease.” In the study, “32.3% received short-course antibiotic regimens and 67.7% received long-course antibiotic regimens. Pooled analysis of 5 studies demonstrated no significant between-group differences across the following outcomes: treatment failure; treatment response at 12 months; treatment response at final visit; photosensitivity; and treatment cessation due to AEs.”

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Dalbavancin Sequential Therapy Tied To Earlier Hospital Discharge For Patients With Gram-Positive Bloodstream Infections, Study Finds

Infectious Disease Advisor (4/3, Barowski) reports, “Dalbavancin may facilitate earlier hospital discharge in patients with gram-positive bloodstream infections (BSIs) when administered as sequential therapy, according to study results published in Infectious Diseases and Therapy.” In the study, “further analysis at 80 days also showed low rates of mortality (7.0%), infection recurrence (3.5%), and treatment failure (7.8%) among the” treatment group.

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FDA Approves Injectable Ceftobiprole Medocaril Sodium To Treat S. Aureus Bacteremia

MedPage Today (4/3, Frieden) reports, “The FDA approved the injectable drug ceftobiprole medocaril sodium (Zevtera) to treat adults with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB), the agency announced Wednesday.” The medication “is indicated for people with right-sided infective endocarditis, those with acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSI), and adult and pediatric patients 3 months to less than 18 years old with community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP).”

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Updated COVID-19 Vaccines Lowered Hospitalization Risk Among Immunocompromised People By A Third, Study Finds

Healio (4/3, Feller) reports, “Receipt of an updated COVID-19 vaccine lowered the risk for hospitalization among immunocompromised people by around one-third, according to a study” published in the CDC’s Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. But “despite the benefits, researchers found that few patients with compromised immune systems received one of the monovalent shots, which became available in September, replacing the previous bivalent vaccines.”

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Mpox Cases In 2024 Already Nearly Double Those Of 2023

The Hill (4/2, Choi) reports, “The number of mpox cases in 2024 is already nearly double the number of cases that were detected in all of 2023.” According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, there have been “582 cases of mpox” in the US in 2024 so far, while there were 299 cases in all of 2023. The highest concentration is in the Middle Atlantic region with 185 cases. In 2022, there were over 32,000 cases in the US and 58 deaths.

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Preliminary Data Suggest PFS Benefit With Personalized Neoantigen Cancer Vaccine In Patients With Metastatic MSS-CRC

OncLive (4/2, Seymour) reports, “The addition of the personalized neoantigen cancer vaccine GRANITE (GRT-C901/GRT-R902) to maintenance therapy with ipilimumab (Yervoy) and atezolizumab (Tecentriq) plus 5-flourouracil (5-FU) and bevacizumab (Avastin) following induction therapy with FOLFOX or FOLFOXIRI plus bevacizumab showed an early trend in progression-free survival (PFS) benefit vs induction therapy followed by maintenance 5-FU and bevacizumab alone in patients with metastatic microsatellite stable colorectal cancer (MSS-CRC), according to topline data from the ongoing phase 2 portion of a phase 2/3 study.” The findings were published in a press release. Cancer Network (4/2, Conroy) reports “a trend in improved PFS with the vaccine combination was reported among those with high-risk disease, which included a median PFS of 12 months in the experimental arm vs 7 months in the control arm.”

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Research Finds “Significant Decrease” In Post-Acute Sequelae Of COVID-19 Risk Among Patients With Rheumatic Diseases Since Pandemic Started

Healio (4/2, Cooper) reports, “Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a ‘significant decrease’ in the risk for post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 [PASC] among patients with rheumatic diseases, according to data.” Researchers found that “the risk for PASC among patients with” systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases “was highest from March 2020 to June 2021, before decreasing through the delta...and omicron waves.” The findings were published in The Journal of Rheumatology.

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USDA Paid Over $500M For Culling Poultry On Farms With H5N1

The New York Times (4/2, Jacobs) reports that the US Department of Agriculture paid over $500 million to poultry producers for birds that were culled because of the discovery of H5N1 on their farms. The largest recipients were Jennie-O Turkey Store at about $88 million and Tyson Foods at about $30 million. Over 82 million birds have been culled in the US since February 2022, of the over nine billion birds raised each year. Critics of the policy say that the compensation “with no strings attached...is encouraging poultry growers to continue the very practices that heighten the risk of contagion.” As an alternative, some “have been urging the White House to embrace a vaccination campaign.”

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In “Worrying” Development, Person In Texas Diagnosed With Bird Flu

The New York Times (4/1, Mandavilli, Anthes) reports that “at least one person in Texas has been diagnosed with bird flu after having contact with dairy cows presumed to be infected, state officials said on Monday. The announcement adds a worrying dimension to an outbreak that has affected millions of birds and sea mammals worldwide and, most recently, cows in the United States.” The Wall Street Journal reports the affected individual is receiving treatment with an antiviral drug. Politico (4/1, Cancryn, Lim) says that the diagnosis, “only the second human case of H5N1 ever recorded in the country, is worrying public health experts who for decades have cautioned that avian flu could pose a serious threat.” The Washington Post (4/1, A1, H. Sun, Roubein) reports the patient, “who experienced eye inflammation as their only symptom, was tested for flu late last week, with confirmatory testing performed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention over the weekend.” Still, the case “does not change the risk for the general public, which remains low. The person had direct exposure to dairy cattle presumed to be infected with avian influenza, Texas officials said Monday.”

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Study Suggests Mpox Vaccine Protection Quickly Fades

HealthDay (4/1, Thompson) reports, “Vaccine protection against mpox fades quickly in the human immune system, even in people who’ve received the full two-dose regimen,” according to real-world study data presented at the European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Researchers found that “antibody levels fell to low or near zero within the first few months of getting the vaccine, unless the person had previously received a smallpox vaccine.”

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Study Identifies Factors Associated With Immunologic Nonresponse Following ART Initiation Among Patients With HIV Infection

Infectious Disease Advisor (4/1) reports a study found that “among patients with HIV infection, factors associated with immunologic nonresponse following antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation include male sex, older age, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection, low CD4+ T-cell count, and low CD4/CD8 ratio.” The findings were published in BMC Infectious Diseases.

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Study Finds County-Wide Decolonization Intervention In Nursing Homes, Select Hospitalized Patients Led To Fewer MDRO Infections, Hospitalization, Deaths

MedPage Today (4/1, Kahn) reports an Orange County, California-wide “decolonization intervention in nursing homes and among selected hospital patients led to fewer multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) infections, hospitalizations, and deaths across the region,” results published in JAMA Network show. “Decolonization also decreased infection-related hospitalization among participating nursing homes by an adjusted 26.7%...compared with nonparticipating nursing homes,” researchers found.

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MDR Bacterial Infections Are Common After Liver Transplant, Study Finds

More Relatives Of Deceased Vs Alive ICU Patients With COVID-19 Had PTSD Symptoms, Negative Impacts Of Visitation Restriction, Research Finds

Analysis of hospital length of stay and cost savings with an in-house heparin-induced thrombocytopenia antibody assay at a midsized institution

The first reported case of double trisomy 10 and 20 in a product of conception

FDA’s Proposed Oversight of Laboratory Developed Tests Could Diminish Patient Care

FDA Authorizes Test Of AI Tool To Predict Sepsis In Hospitals

New US Hepatitis C Infections Dropped Slightly In 2022, Health Officials Say

Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir Fails To Shorten COVID-19 Symptom Duration For People At Standard Risk And Vaccinated At-Risk People, Study Finds

Short-Term Antibiotic Regimen Equally Effective Against Early Lyme Disease As Long-Term Regimen In Adult Patients, Study Finds

Dalbavancin Sequential Therapy Tied To Earlier Hospital Discharge For Patients With Gram-Positive Bloodstream Infections, Study Finds

FDA Approves Injectable Ceftobiprole Medocaril Sodium To Treat S. Aureus Bacteremia

Updated COVID-19 Vaccines Lowered Hospitalization Risk Among Immunocompromised People By A Third, Study Finds

Mpox Cases In 2024 Already Nearly Double Those Of 2023

Preliminary Data Suggest PFS Benefit With Personalized Neoantigen Cancer Vaccine In Patients With Metastatic MSS-CRC

Research Finds “Significant Decrease” In Post-Acute Sequelae Of COVID-19 Risk Among Patients With Rheumatic Diseases Since Pandemic Started

USDA Paid Over $500M For Culling Poultry On Farms With H5N1

In “Worrying” Development, Person In Texas Diagnosed With Bird Flu

Study Suggests Mpox Vaccine Protection Quickly Fades

Study Identifies Factors Associated With Immunologic Nonresponse Following ART Initiation Among Patients With HIV Infection

Study Finds County-Wide Decolonization Intervention In Nursing Homes, Select Hospitalized Patients Led To Fewer MDRO Infections, Hospitalization, Deaths