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Dose-Sparing Mpox Vaccine Provides Similar Antibody Response To Standard Regimen, Study Finds

Infectious Disease Advisor (5/20, Nye) reports, “Antibody responses induced by a dose-sparing mpox vaccine and the standard regimen were found to be equivalent at 6 weeks following receipt of the second vaccine dose, according to a press release from the National Institutes of Health (NIH).” The dose-sparing mpox vaccine, which used “one-fifth the standard MVA-BN dose,” showed “equivalent antibody levels to those who received the standard dose.”

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Regular STI Screening May Reduce Incidence Of Chlamydia But Not Gonorrhea In MSM, Transgender Women On HIV PrEP, Study Finds

Infectious Disease Advisor (5/20, Nye) reports, “Screening for Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis at 3 anatomical sites every 3 months may reduce the incidence of chlamydia but not gonorrhea in men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women receiving HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). These study results were published in The Lancet HIV.”

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COVID-19 Antibodies Significantly Reduced Six Months Post-Vaccination Among Patients With Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Study Finds

Healio (5/20, Cooper) reports, “COVID-19 antibodies are significantly reduced by 6 months post-vaccination among patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, according to data published in The Journal of Rheumatology.” In the study, researchers wrote, “Our data suggest that these individuals should continue to consider additional doses when more than 6 months has elapsed since last vaccination or infection.”

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Inappropriate Antibiotic Prescriptions Dropped Early During COVID-19 Pandemic, Rebounded In 2021, Data Show

Healio (5/17, Stulpin) reported, “The average number of inappropriate antibiotics prescribed monthly decreased at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic but returned to pre-pandemic levels by late 2021, data show.” Published in Clinical Infectious Diseases, “the study showed the overall proportion of patients with one or more inappropriate prescription decreased 0.8 percentage points in March 2020 (95% CI, 1.09% – 0.51%) and then subsequently increased 0.02 percentage points per month after (95% CI, 0.01% – 0.03%).”

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Dolutegravir/Lamivudine Noninferior To Triple-Drug ART For Patients With Virologically Suppressed HIV, Study Finds

Infectious Disease Advisor (5/17, Nye) reported, “Dolutegravir/lamivudine (DTG/3TC) is noninferior to triple-drug antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens for patients with virologically suppressed HIV infection, according to results of a study published in Open Forum Infectious Diseases.” In the study, “of patients receiving DTG-based ART at baseline, the rate of treatment failure at 1 year was 1.39% for those who switched to DTG/3TC and 0.80% for those in the control group (risk difference [RD], 0.59%). However, treatment failure rates in the intention-to-treat (ITT) population were higher among patients in the control group (12.50% vs 8.72%; RD, -3.78%).”

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CDC To End Free COVID-19 Vaccine Program For Uninsured In August

The Hill (5/17, Weixel) reports, “A federal program providing free COVID-19 vaccines to uninsured and underinsured adults is shutting down this summer, before the fall rollout of updated vaccines to fight against the latest variants.” The CDC “said its Bridge Access Program will end in August because of a lack of funding. The program has provided more than 1.4 million free COVID-19 vaccines since it launched in September 2023 at a cost of more than $1 billion.”

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CDC Releases Guidance On Preventing Infections Among Students For 2024-2025 School Year

Healio (5/17, Weldon) reported, “Just ahead of the start of summer vacation, the CDC has released guidance on preventing infections among students in kindergarten through 12th grade for the 2024-2025 school year.” This “10-part guidance was published this month to allow for administrators to ensure it can be part of back-to-school preparations in the fall.” The “recommendations include taking actions such as: teaching hand washing and respiratory etiquette; improving school ventilation, by considering ventilation enhancements and design when undergoing remodeling or when undertaking new building construction to optimize clean air; cleaning, sanitizing and disinfecting, when appropriate; and promoting vaccinations for students and staff.”

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USDA Testing Reinforces Importance Of Thoroughly Cooking Beef Amid H5N1 Outbreak In Cows

CNN (5/16, Goodman) reports, “Laboratory tests by the US Department of Agriculture haven’t found any H5N1 bird flu virus in raw beef, but they are a good reminder why eating rare hamburgers can be risky.” As part of efforts “to check safe food handling advice after the detection of H5N1 bird flu virus in dairy cattle, the USDA recently mixed a substitute virus into ground beef and then cooked patties at varying times and temperatures.” Although investigators “found none of the virus in hamburgers cooked to 145 degrees, roughly the temperature of a medium burger, or well-done burgers cooked to 160 degrees,” they did “find some live virus in patties cooked to 120 degrees or rare.” Reuters (5/16, Polansek, Steenhuysen) reports the USDA “previously said 30 samples of ground beef from retail outlets tested negative for H5N1 virus and that the U.S. meat supply is safe.” The agency “also announced that it was awarding more than $22.2 million to bolster the nation’s ability to respond and control animal disease outbreaks such as H5N1 bird flu, including enhancing laboratory capacity.”

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HCV RNA Point-of-Care Testing Increases Treatment Uptake Among Patients In Mental Health, Prison, And Drug And Alcohol Facilities, Study Finds

Infectious Disease Advisor (5/16, Barowski) reports, “The implementation of hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody and RNA point-of-care (POC) testing increases testing rates, treatment uptake, and linkage to care among patients in mental health, prison, and drug and alcohol facilities, according to study results published in Clinical Infectious Diseases.” In the study, “of the 55 patients who tested positive for HCV RNA, 91% were linked to care and 86% initiated treatment. The median time from referral to treatment initiation was 14 days.”

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Addition Of Azithromycin To Daily Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Treatment Does Not Reduce Malaria, STI Risk Among Pregnant Women With HIV At Delivery, Study Finds

Healio (5/16, Stulpin) reports, “The addition of azithromycin to daily trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole treatment among pregnant women with HIV did not reduce the rate of malaria or bacterial sexually transmitted infections at delivery, data show.” In the study, published in Open Forum Infectious Diseases, researchers “reported no difference in the proportion of women with malaria (16.3% in TMP-SMX-azithromycin vs. 13.2% in TMP-SMX-placebo; relative risk [RR] = 1.24; 95% CI, 0.71-2.16) or STI (4.2% in TMP-SMX-azithromycin vs. 5.8% in TMP-SMX-placebo; RR = 0.72; 95% CI, 0.26-2.03) at delivery.”

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CDC Urges High-Risk Individuals To Receive Mpox Vaccination As Deadlier Strain Circulates In DRC

The New York Times (5/16, Mandavilli) reports, “With Pride events scheduled worldwide over the coming weeks, U.S. officials are bracing for a return of mpox,” which “struck tens of thousands of gay and bisexual men worldwide in 2022. A combination of behavioral changes and vaccination quelled that outbreak, but a majority of those at risk have not yet been immunized.” The CDC on Thursday “warned of a deadlier version of mpox that is ravaging the Democratic Republic of Congo and urged people at risk to be vaccinated as soon as possible.” Although “no cases of that subtype have been identified outside Africa,” DRC’s “escalating epidemic...nevertheless poses a global threat, just as infections in Nigeria set off the 2022 outbreak, experts said.”

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CDC Launches Effort to Create National Laboratory Response System

Abstract Not Available

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Cytologic analysis of metaplastic breast carcinoma: Review of 66 cases diagnosed at the Institut Curie

Abstract Not Available

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Trend towards reduction of transfusion reactions using prestorage leukocyte-reduced and pooled whole blood–derived platelets and cost savings compared with poststorage whole blood–derived random platelets as evidenced by real-time hemovigilance

Abstract Not Available

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Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 Still More Likely To Die Than Those Hospitalized With Influenza, Though Gap Is Closing, Study Finds

MedPage Today (5/15, Kahn) reports, “Patients hospitalized with COVID-19 were more likely to die than those hospitalized with influenza during the fall and winter of 2023-2024, according to an analysis of Veterans Affairs data.” The analysis found “5.7% of patients with COVID-19 died within 30 days of admission versus 4.24% of patients with influenza, reported” researchers in JAMA. That means “the risk of death in people hospitalized for COVID-19 was 35% higher (adjusted HR 1.35, 95% CI 1.10-1.66), the authors detailed in a research letter.” But “the results did reveal that the risk of mortality in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 had fallen when compared to the previous 2022-2023 season,” when “COVID was about 60% more deadly than the flu in patients hospitalized for the illnesses.”

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Omicron BA.1-Tailored mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine Safe, Immunogenic In Young Children, Study Finds

Infectious Disease Advisor (5/15, Kuhns) reports, “When administered as a 2-dose primary series or a booster, the omicron BA.1 variant-containing COVID-19 vaccine (mRNA-1273.214) is immunogenic against BA.1 and D614G in children aged 6 months to 5 years, with a safety profile comparable to mRNA-1273, according to study results published in” The Lancet Infectious Diseases. In the study, the vaccine “induced neutralizing antibody (nAb) levels against BA.1 (geometric mean concentration [GMC], 1889.7; 95% CI, 1430-2497.2) that were superior to those induced by mRNA-1273 (GMC, 74.3; 95% CI, 67.7-81.7), with superiority demonstrated at day 57 (estimated geometric mean ratio [GMR], 25.4; 95% CI, 20.1-32.1).”

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Diagnostic Accuracy Of Procalcitonin Superior To C-Reactive Protein For Identifying Invasive Bacterial Infections In Febrile Infants, Study Finds

Infectious Disease Advisor (5/15, Barowski) reports, “The diagnostic accuracy of procalcitonin is superior to that of C-reactive protein (CRP) for identifying invasive bacterial infections in febrile infants, according to study results published in The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health.” In the study, “for the detection of invasive bacterial infections, the researchers noted significantly higher partial area under the curve (AUC) values for procalcitonin (0.72; 95% CI, 0.56-0.79) than for CRP (0.28; 95% CI, 0.17-0.61; P =.016).”

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WHO Authorizes Second Dengue Vaccine Amid Outbreaks In The Americas

The AP (5/15) reports, “The World Health Organization on Wednesday authorized a second dengue vaccine, a move that could provide protection for millions worldwide against the mosquito-borne disease that has already sparked numerous outbreaks across the Americas this year.” On Wednesday, the “agency said it approved the dengue vaccine made by the Japanese pharmaceutical [company] Takeda, recommending its use in children between six to 16 years old living in regions with high rates of dengue.” Reuters (5/15, Santhosh) reports, “Takeda’s vaccine, given in two doses over a three-month interval, protects against four serotypes of the dengue virus.”

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CDC Says Wastewater Data Show No Indicators Of Unusual Influenza Activity In Humans Including H5N1 Avian Flu

Reuters (5/14, Satija, Steenhuysen, Polansek) reports the CDC “on Tuesday released data on influenza A found in wastewater in a public dashboard that could assist in tracking the outbreak of H5N1 bird flu that has infected cattle herds.” During the week ending May 4, “the agency’s surveillance system did not show any indicators of unusual influenza activity in people, including the H5N1 virus. The virus has been detected among dairy cattle in nine U.S. states since late March.” NBC News (5/14, Edwards) reports, “Just one site, in Saline County, Kansas, showed notably high levels of flu virus for this time of the year. Four herds in Kansas tested positive in April, the CDC said.” However, “it’s unclear whether the Kansas wastewater samples were limited to human waste or whether they included runoff water from farms.”

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US Officials Relax Guidance For Labs Handling Avian Flu Samples To Simplify Virus Response

Reuters (5/14, Steenhuysen) reports, “U.S. government officials have temporarily relaxed strict guidelines on how public health laboratories and healthcare facilities handle, store and transport H5N1 bird flu samples, which are considered high-risk pathogens, in response to the recent spread of the virus to dairy cattle.” The new guidance modifies “requirements for handling H5N1 under federal select agent and toxin regulations for a period of 180 days. They apply to state and local government-run public health labs as well as labs that handle wastewater specimens, which are being used to help track the virus.”

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Dose-Sparing Mpox Vaccine Provides Similar Antibody Response To Standard Regimen, Study Finds

Regular STI Screening May Reduce Incidence Of Chlamydia But Not Gonorrhea In MSM, Transgender Women On HIV PrEP, Study Finds

COVID-19 Antibodies Significantly Reduced Six Months Post-Vaccination Among Patients With Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Study Finds

Inappropriate Antibiotic Prescriptions Dropped Early During COVID-19 Pandemic, Rebounded In 2021, Data Show

Dolutegravir/Lamivudine Noninferior To Triple-Drug ART For Patients With Virologically Suppressed HIV, Study Finds

CDC To End Free COVID-19 Vaccine Program For Uninsured In August

CDC Releases Guidance On Preventing Infections Among Students For 2024-2025 School Year

USDA Testing Reinforces Importance Of Thoroughly Cooking Beef Amid H5N1 Outbreak In Cows

HCV RNA Point-of-Care Testing Increases Treatment Uptake Among Patients In Mental Health, Prison, And Drug And Alcohol Facilities, Study Finds

Addition Of Azithromycin To Daily Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Treatment Does Not Reduce Malaria, STI Risk Among Pregnant Women With HIV At Delivery, Study Finds

CDC Urges High-Risk Individuals To Receive Mpox Vaccination As Deadlier Strain Circulates In DRC

CDC Launches Effort to Create National Laboratory Response System

Cytologic analysis of metaplastic breast carcinoma: Review of 66 cases diagnosed at the Institut Curie

Trend towards reduction of transfusion reactions using prestorage leukocyte-reduced and pooled whole blood–derived platelets and cost savings compared with poststorage whole blood–derived random platelets as evidenced by real-time hemovigilance

Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 Still More Likely To Die Than Those Hospitalized With Influenza, Though Gap Is Closing, Study Finds

Omicron BA.1-Tailored mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine Safe, Immunogenic In Young Children, Study Finds

Diagnostic Accuracy Of Procalcitonin Superior To C-Reactive Protein For Identifying Invasive Bacterial Infections In Febrile Infants, Study Finds

WHO Authorizes Second Dengue Vaccine Amid Outbreaks In The Americas

CDC Says Wastewater Data Show No Indicators Of Unusual Influenza Activity In Humans Including H5N1 Avian Flu

US Officials Relax Guidance For Labs Handling Avian Flu Samples To Simplify Virus Response